A - Natural state of water
High Magnesium (Mg) + High Calcium (Ca) and Low Sodium (Na) + Low Potassium (K)
B - After ion exchange/water softener treatment for temporary hardness
Increased Sodium (Na) + Increased Chlorides (Cl) = CORROSION
Increased Sodium (Na) + Increased Bicarbonate (HCO₃) = TEMPORARY SCALE
C - After Phosphate treatment for temporary hardness
Increased Sulfate (SO₄) + Increased Silica (SiO₂) + Addition of Phosphates (PO₄)³¯ = PERMANENT SCALE
D - After Reverse Osmosis (RO) treatment (100% filtration - no remineralization) for temporary and permanent hardness
Removal of cations and Anions + CO₂ (from the air) = CORROSION
E - Nucleation Assisted Crystallization (NAC) treatment for temporary and permanent hardness

Encapsulated treatment retains minerals, protects from corrosion, prevents new scale, and removes existing scale while maintaining the water's natural state

Did you know?
Magnesium and calcium are the most important minerals to have in balance when brewing coffee. Magnesium boosts the extraction of coffee’s brighter flavors, chiefly an organic compound called eugenol. Calcium highlights darker notes and contributes to a creamy mouthfeel.